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Aphten sind schmerzhafte Geschwüre oder Läsionen, die sich in der Mundhöhle bilden können. Sie sind durch runde oder ovale Formen mit einem weißen Zentrum und einem roten Rand gekennzeichnet. Aphten können in verschiedenen Größen auftreten und verursachen oft Beschwerden beim Essen, Sprechen oder Schlucken.
Ursachen von Aphten
Die genaue Ursache von Aphten ist nicht vollständig geklärt. Vermutetet werden verschiedene Faktoren, die zu ihrer Entstehung beitragen können:
- Verletzungen der Mundschleimhaut, z. B. durch scharfkantige Zahnspangen
- Chemische Reizstoffe in Zahnpasta, Mundwasser oder Lebensmitteln
- Hormonelle Veränderungen
- Stress oder emotionale Belastung
- Nahrungsmittelallergien oder Empfindlichkeiten
Symptome von Aphten
Aphten zeigen sich als schmerzhafte Stellen in der Mundhöhle – häufig auf der Zunge, an den Wangeninnenseiten, am Gaumen oder an den Lippen. Sie haben eine runde oder ovale Form mit einem weißen Zentrum und einem roten Rand. Zudem kommt es zu Schmerzen oder Brennen im Bereich der Aphten, was zu Schwierigkeiten beim Essen, Sprechen oder Schlucken führen kann.
Behandlung und Prävention von Aphten
- Schmerzlindernde Mundspülungen oder Gele zum lokalen Auftragen auf die Aphten
- Rezeptpflichtige Medikamente wie Kortikosteroide in schweren Fällen
- Vermeidung von reizenden Lebensmitteln oder Substanzen
- Verwendung einer weichen Zahnbürste und milder Zahnpasta
